![]() Egil Skallagrimsson's 950 CE saga describes King Haakon the Good's practice of sending his tax collectors out on skis. Birkely argues that the Sami people have practiced skiing for more than 6000 years, evidenced by the very old Sami word čuoigat for skiing. Early historical evidence includes Procopius's (around CE 550) description of Sami people as skrithiphinoi translated as "ski running samis". It may have been practised as early as 600 BCE in Daxing'anling, in what is now China. Skiing started as a technique for traveling cross-country over snow on skis, starting almost five millennia ago with beginnings in Scandinavia. The word ski comes from the Old Norse word skíð which means stick of wood. Sami hunter using skis of unequal length-short for traction, long for gliding-and a single pole. Ski orienteering is a form of cross-country skiing, which includes map navigation along snow trails and tracks. Cross-country skiing and rifle marksmanship are the two components of biathlon. Competitive cross-country skiing is one of the Nordic skiing sports. It is practised in regions with snow-covered landscapes, including Europe, Canada, Russia, the United States, Australia and New Zealand. Skiers propel themselves either by striding forward (classic style) or side-to-side in a skating motion (skate skiing), aided by arms pushing on ski poles against the snow. Modern cross-country skiing is similar to the original form of skiing, from which all skiing disciplines evolved, including alpine skiing, ski jumping and Telemark skiing. ![]() Variants of cross-country skiing are adapted to a range of terrain which spans unimproved, sometimes mountainous terrain to groomed courses that are specifically designed for the sport. Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity however, some still use it as a means of transportation. Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance.
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